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The Riegle Report
U.S. Chemical and Biological Warfare-Related Dual Use Exports to Iraq and their Possible Impact on the Health Consequences of the Gulf War
A Report of Chairman Donald W. Riegle, Jr. and Ranking Member Alfonse M. D'Amato of the Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs with Respect to Export Administration
United States Senate, 103d Congress, 2d Session
May 25, 1994
Table of Contents
Introduction
Chapter 1. Iraqi Chemical and Biological Warfare Capability
Part 1
- Status of Iraqi Readiness to Use Chemical Weapons Against Coalition Force
- Destruction of Iraq's Chemicals and Chemical Weapons by the United Nations
- Chemical Warfare Doctrine and the Use of Combined Agent Warfare
- Chemical Nerve Agents
- Sarin (GB)
- Soman (GD)
- Tabun (GA)
- VX
Part 2
- Vesicants and Blood Agents
- Lewisite
- Cyanogen Chloride
- Hydrogen Cyanide
- Blister Agents
- Related Chemical Agent Information
- Biotoxins
- Biological Warfare Capability
- U.S. Exports of Biological Materials to Iran
- UNSCOM Biological Warfare Inspections
Part 3
- Biological Warfare Defense
- Types of Biological Agents
- Dissemination of Biological Agents
- Defensive Measures
- Iraq's Experience in the Use of Chemical Warfare Agents
- Gulf War Syndrome: The Case for Chemical/Biological Agent Exposure
Chapter 2. Group I Exposures: Reported Direct Exposure Events
Part 1.
Part 2.
Part 3.
Part 4: Reports by Coalition Forces of Iraqi Chemical Mines Located During Breaching Operations, Other Combat-Related Reports, and Conclusions
Chapter 3. Reports of Exposure of Coalition Forces Resulting from the Fallout of the Bombings of Iraqi Chemical, Biological, and Nuclear Facilities (Group II)
Part 1.
- The Czechoslovak Chemical Defense Unit in the Persian Gulf and the Results of the Investigations of the Military Use of Poisonous Gases
- Other Related Information
- U.S. Unofficial Reports of Downwind Exposure Due to Coalition
- Bombings of Iraqi Chemical and Biological Facilities
- Weather Reports, Climatic Information, and Imagery Smoke Plume Data
Part 2: Gulf War Weather.
Part 3: Gulf War Weather (Continued).
Part 4: Gulf War Weather (Continued).
Part 5: Conclusions.
Chapter 4. Other Identifiable Exposures
Part 1
- Chemical/Biological Warfare Pre-Treatment Drug Reaction
- Anthrax and Botulinum Toxoid Vaccines
- Pyridostigmine Bromide (Group III)
- Reported Contact with Iraqi Enemy Prisoners of War
- Chemical Agent Resistant Coating (CARC)>
- Depleted Uranium Ammunition
- Environmental Exposures
- Decontamination of Equipment Returned from the Persian Gulf
- Theater Operations
- Transmission
Part 2
Conclusions
- Chemical/Biological Warfare Agent Exposure: Why Wasn't Everyone Affected?
- Chemical/Biological Warfare Agent Exposure: Did the Military Know or Suspect that Individuals Were Exposed to these Hazardous Substances?
- The Need for Immediate Primary Scientific Research and Advanced Medical Research
- Conclusions
Appendix - Material Safety Data Sheets
- Chemical Nerve Agents
- Blister Agents
This report is derived entirely from unclassified sources.
Approved for public release. Unlimited distribution is authorized.
U.S. Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs.